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The banded stilt (''Cladorhynchus leucocephalus'') is a nomadic stilt endemic to Australia. It belongs to the monotypic genus ''Cladorhynchus''. It gets its name from the red-brown breast band found on breeding adults, but this is mottled or entirely absent in non-breeding adults and juveniles. Its remaining plumage is pied and the eyes are dark brown. They breed whenever the water conditions are suitable for brine shrimp to flourish and lay 3–4 white, brown or black eggs on a scrape. The majority of observed breeding events have occurred at inland salt lakes in South Australia and Western Australia immediately following freshwater inflows. An exception to this exists where some breeding was attempted at The Coorong during a time in which salinity in the Lower Lakes was significantly elevated due to reduced environmental flows down the Murray River.〔Hollands, David "Waders: the shorebirds of Australia" Bloomings Books Pty Ltd, Melbourne, Australia (2012). ISBN 9781876473808〕 ==Taxonomy== French ornithologist Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot described the banded stilt in 1816 as ''Recurvirostra leucocephala'', "L'avocette a tete blanche", though the type locality has been listed as either Victoria or Rottnest Island in Western Australia. The species name is derived from the Ancient Greek words ''leukos'' "white", and ''kephale'' "head". Georges Cuvier described it as ''Recurvirostra orientalis'' the same year.〔 Belgian ornithologist Bernard du Bus de Gisignies described it as a new genus and species, ''Leptorhynchus pectoralis'', to the Royal Academy of Belgium in 1835. George Robert Gray placed the banded stilt in its own genus ''Cladorhynchus'' in 1840, noting that the name ''Leptorhynchus'' had been previously used. The genus name is from the Ancient Greek ''klados'' "twig" and ''rhynchos'' "bill". Likewise, German naturalist Johannes Gistel proposed the name ''Timeta'' for to replace ''Leptorhynchus'' in 1848. John Gould had described it as ''Himantopus palmatus'' in 1837, but recorded it as ''Cladorhynchus pectoralis'' in his 1865 work ''Handbook to the Birds of Australia''. Gould also wrote that its distribution was unclear after it was first recorded at Rottnest Island though not elsewhere in Western Australia, and later in South Australia, until large numbers were seen by the explorer Charles Sturt at Lepson's Lake north of Cooper's Creek in what is now western Queensland. Ludwig Reichenbach placed in a new genus, naming it ''Xiphidiorhynchus pectoralis'' in 1845. Australian ornithologist Fred Lawson gave it the name ''Cladorhynchus australis'' in 1904. Gregory Mathews in his 1913 ''List of the Birds of Australia'' synonymised all subsequent genus and species names, using ''Cladorhynchus australis''. He listed his subspecies ''rottnesti'' from 1913, though this has not been recognised since.〔 Both Joseph G. Strauch in a 1978 study and Philip C. Chu in a 1995 re-analysis of bone and muscle characters found that the banded stilt was sister to the avocets, with the stilts of the genus ''Himantopus'' an earlier offshoot. As well as banded stilt, the species has also been called locally Rottnest snipe,〔 or bishop snipe. John Latham gave it the name oriental avocet in 1824, after Cuvier's description. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「banded stilt」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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